January 7, 2025
Hyderabad — Former Chief Minister of Andhra Pradesh, N. Chandrababu Naidu, voiced his concerns today over India's declining birth rate, calling it a significant challenge for the country’s future economic and social stability. During a press conference, Naidu highlighted the urgent need for policymakers to address the issue, which has far-reaching implications for India’s workforce, economy, and demographic structure.
Naidu pointed out that the birth rate in India, which once soared in previous decades, has now seen a steady decline, particularly in urban areas and more developed states. He attributed this trend to a combination of factors, including increased education and employment opportunities for women, rising living costs, and changes in lifestyle choices among younger generations.
“While it’s crucial to celebrate the empowerment of women and the positive impact of economic growth, we must also be aware of the challenges a low birth rate could bring. It can result in an aging population, shrinking workforce, and increased strain on social welfare systems,” Naidu stated. He also emphasized that India’s demographic advantage, which has driven much of its economic growth in recent decades, could reverse if the trend continues unchecked.
India’s total fertility rate (TFR) has dropped to 2.0 children per woman, which is below the replacement rate of 2.1. The decline is more pronounced in states like Kerala, Tamil Nadu, and Andhra Pradesh, where urbanization and development have led to a shift in family planning patterns. Experts warn that while a declining birth rate may ease pressure on resources in the short term, it could lead to labor shortages and an increased dependency ratio in the long run.
Naidu called on the central and state governments to develop policies that encourage balanced family planning, including improved healthcare, incentives for working families, and support for young couples who wish to have children but face economic barriers. He also urged leaders to strengthen social security systems to support the aging population.
In response to a question about the potential of immigration to counterbalance the population decline, Naidu expressed openness to exploring options but cautioned that sustainable, long-term solutions would require a focus on domestic policy reforms.
As India enters a critical phase of development, the declining birth rate has emerged as a key issue that leaders like Naidu are now putting in the spotlight, prompting discussions about how to balance the country’s future growth with its changing demographic realities.